Download Modul TKJ SMK

Modul TKJ 1:
1.1menginstalasi_sistem_operasi_berbasis_gui
2.1menginstalasi_sistem_operasi_berbasis_text
3.menginstalasi_sistem_operasi_jaringan__berbasis_gui
4.1menginstalasi_sistem_operasi_jaringan_berbasis_text

kalau kalian mau downlaod materi-materi lain juga ada, seperti algoritma, C++, basis data, dsb. klik saja disini download

MemAtikan Autorun di XP

Jalankan RUN dengan menekan (ctrl+R) ketikan gpedit.msc

Jendela Group Policy akan terbuka, pilih menu pada bagian kiri Computer Configuration » Administraitive Templates » System
Lalu pada jendela sebelah kanan klik kiri dua kali pada bagian turn off autoplay
Kemudian akan muncul jendela turn off autoplay properties
lalu setting turn off pada tombol radio enabled, dan set untuk semua drive (All drives)
Ulangi langkah mulai no 2-5 di atas untuk bagian User Configuration » Administrative Templates » System

Memunculkan Folder Hidden di CMD

Jika suatu saat kamu mengalami data2 kamu yang berada pada flashdisk ataupun pada komputer kamu tiba2 hilang dan yang ada hanya folder2 yang berekstensi .EXE, jangan panik dulu mungkin saja data2 anda masih ada, hanya saja mungkin disembunyikan oleh virus. Nah setelah Virusnya kamu bersihkan dulu, baru mulai langkah berikut :
Cara memunculkan kembali data2 kamu yang hilang, misalnya pada flashdisk kamu, katakanlah flashdisk kamu berada pada drive F
klik start —> Run —> lalu ketik cmd –> setelah muncul, lalu kamu ketik>
attrib -r -h -s F:\*.* /s /d
Klo memang data2 kamu belum terhapus, pasti deh bakal muncul lagi data2 nya.

masalah printer

How to troubleshoot a printer

Printers can cause you some major headaches. But if everything is connected properly, what do you do next?

Written by Nick Farrell

<a href:”http://wwwvnunet.com”> , 13 Sep 2001
The moment you connect a printer, there are all sorts of problems you will face. Here are some tips for some common problems.

Printer will not start

This is accompanied by the refusal to self test. Check the thing is switched on first and that the power cable is properly plugged in. If not, it is going to get messy.

The printer’s memory, program ROM and ASIC (Application-Specicific Integrated Circuit) or microprocessor could be responsible and these are beyond most people’s technical ability.

The printer insists it is out of paper when it has loads

The most obvious sensor failure is a paper-out error message when paper is available. Erratic carriage returns or print spacing is often the result of a problem with the position encoder sensor. Looks like the sensor will have to be replaced.

The paper does not move or is folded into an abstract origami figure

The drive-train components are not working properly. Check your motor windings, and connections should be checked together with wiring and power supply voltages.

However, sometimes it is not as bad as all that. A lot of paper faults are caused by using the wrong sort of paper. That nasty cheap stuff bought in a car boot sale may look good, but it is often not designed for the rigours of being mangled through an inkjet. Sometimes it flakes and bits of it get into the workings of your printer. Buy a ream of good stuff and see if that helps.

Check to see that paper has not got into the internal workings of your printer, and fish it out.

Dot-matrix printers

Some people may still use these dinosaurs particularly for low-quality mass print runs. Besides age, many of these printers have unique problems of their own.

Firstly, if the printing gets faint, it means that the ribbon needs replacing or else the ribbon advance system might have had it.

Check also that the printhead to paper spacing is appropriate for the thickness of paper; it may be set for envelopes. Otherwise, the printhead or drive circuits could be the cause. These simply wear out.

Missing dots on the paper means the printhead dots are clogged or broken. Try cleaning them with an alcohol-based solvent. However, if the pins are bent or broken, you will need a new printhead.

If not, then the driver’s output transistor is faulty (another side effect is when there is a continuous horizontal line of dots on the page).

Inkjet printers

Never in the field of printer technology did so much depend on good-quality paper. Many of an inkjet’s problems are based on people using low grade paper and then moaning that the picture quality is bad or their machines become clogged.

When you are shopping don’t consider anything less than 90gsm in weight (preferably 100 gsm) and, if you’re thinking of printing pictures, non-absorbent glossy paper.

Other reasons for poor-quality printing can be caused by unsuitable printhead to paper spacing and dried ink on the printhead.

A lot of printers have self-cleaning functions and these should be run periodically, even though they burn up your ink reserves.

Some machines have separate power supplies and these can cause the printer not to work at all. Fortunately separate AC adaptors can be tested and economically repaired.

If a printer will not print or self-test and you have tried removing and replacing cabling and reinstalling driver but to no avail, you might need a new printhead. These are cheap enough.

Most serious inkjet printer problems are solved by purchasing a new machine. Often it can cost more than the original printer to repair some of the minor faults in an inkjet.

Laser printers

Lasers are cheaper to repair and often do not need replacing. However, they have some unique problems of their own.

Diagnosis of laser problems are typically aided by an error description or number displayed on an LCD panel on the printer, or a printed warning. If you look at the manual it will provide lists to help you.

Printer always shows “Warming-up” warning:
Faulty data cable

Faulty interface circuit

You get a “Paper Out” warning:
If paper is actually present or the paper tray is not in properly

Non-working tray sensors

Your paper keeps jamming:
Poor-quality paper

Worn pickup assembly

Fuser unit problem

You keep getting “Error” warnings (both trips to the workshop):
The laser scanner unit is broken

>li>Scanner and hardware driver connection is down

Paper comes out all black (off to the workshop):
Primary corona in EP cartridge

Electronic logic fault

Faint print:
Low toner level in EP cartridge (replace cartridge)

Unsuitable paper quality

Transfer corona assembly (workshop)

Fault in high-voltage power supply (check it is connected properly, you might need to replace it)

Speckled print:
Primary corona control grid (workshop)

High-voltage power supply (check it is connected properly, you might need to replace it)

Vertical white lines:
EP cartridge (replace)

Transfer corona assembly (doomed, take to workshop)

Scanning and laser assembly (doomed, take to workshop)

Missing right-hand or distorted text:
Check toner level or replace EP cartridge

Check scanner and optical alignment using software that came with machine

Incorrect image registration:
Check or replace pickup rollers, sometimes paper gets stuck in there

Check or replace drive train (workshop)

Rough print appearance:
Troubleshoot the electronic logic circuit with software provided, otherwise take it to the workshop

Smeared print:
Check fusing roller and cleaning pads

Check or replace static discharge comb

Check the drive train and paper path

Distorted images:
Check paper path

Check or replace the scanner unit

PROXY

Proxy anonymity

The exchange of information in Internet is made by the “client – server” model. A client sends a request (what files he needs) and a server sends a reply (required files). For close cooperation (full understanding) between a client and a server the client sends additional information about itself: a version and a name of an operating system, configuration of a browser (including its name and version) etc. This information can be necessary for the server in order to know which web-page should be given (open) to the client. There are different variants of web-pages for different configurations of browsers. However, as long as web-pages do not usually depend on browsers, it makes sense to hide this information from the web-server.

What information transmits to a web-server (by a browser or proxy server):
a name and a version of an operating system
a name and a version of a browser
configuration of a browser (display resolution, color depth, java / javascript support, etc.)
IP-address of a client
Other information

The most important part of such information (and absolutely needless for a web-server) is information about IP-address. Using your IP it is possible to know about you the following:
a country where you are from
a city
your provider’s name and e-mail
your physical address

Information, transmitted by a client to a server is available (accessible) for a server as environment variables. Every information unit is a value of some variable. If any information unit is not transmitted, then corresponding variable will be empty (its value will be undetermined).

These are some environment variables:

REMOTE_ADDR – IP address of a client
HTTP_VIA – if it is not empty, then a proxy is used. Value is an address (or several addresses) of a proxy server, this variable is added by a proxy server itself if you use one.
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR – if it is not empty, then a proxy is used. Value is a real IP address of a client (your IP), this variable is also added by a proxy server if you use one.
HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE – what language is used in browser (what language a page should be displayed in).
HTTP_USER_AGENT – so called “a user’s agent”. For most browsers this is Mozilla. Furthermore, browser’s name and version (e.g. MSIE 5.5) and an operating system (e.g. Windows 98) is also mentioned here.
HTTP_HOST – is a web server’s name

This is a small part of environment variables. In fact there are much more of them (DOCUMENT_ROOT, HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING, HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL, HTTP_CONNECTION, SERVER_ADDR, SERVER_SOFTWARE, SERVER_PROTOCOL, …). Their quantity can depend on settings of both a server and a client.

These are examples of variable values:

REMOTE_ADDR = 194.85.1.1
HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = ru
HTTP_USER_AGENT = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98)
HTTP_HOST = www.webserver.ru
HTTP_VIA = 194.85.1.1 (Squid/2.4.STABLE7)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = 194.115.5.5

Anonymity at work in Internet is determined by what environment variables “hide” from a web-server.

If a proxy server is not used, then environment variables look in the following way:

REMOTE_ADDR = your IP
HTTP_VIA = not determined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not determined

According to how environment variables “hided” by proxy servers, there are several types of proxies.
Transparent Proxies

They do not hide information about your IP address:

REMOTE_ADDR = proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = proxy IP
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = your IP

The function of such proxy servers is not the improvement of your anonymity in Internet. Their purpose is information cashing, organization of joint access to Internet of several computers, etc.
Anonymous Proxies

All proxy servers, that hide a client’s IP address in any way are called anonymous proxies.
Simple Anonymous Proxies

These proxy servers do not hide a fact that a proxy is used, however they replace your IP with its own:
REMOTE_ADDR = proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = proxy IP
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = proxy IP

These proxies are the most widespread among other anonymous proxy servers.
Distorting Proxies

As well as simple anonymous proxy servers these proxies do not hide the fact that a proxy server is used. However a client’s IP address (your IP address) is replaced with another (arbitrary, random) IP:

REMOTE_ADDR = proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = proxy IP
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = random IP address
High Anonymity Proxies (Elite proxies)

These proxy servers are called “high anonymity proxy” or “elite proxy”. In contrast to other types of anonymity proxy servers they hide a fact of using a proxy:

REMOTE_ADDR = proxy IP
HTTP_VIA = not determined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not determined

That means that values of variables are the same as if proxy is not used, with the exception of one very important thing – proxy IP is used instead of your IP address.
Summary

Depending on purposes there are transparent and anonymity proxies. However, remember, using proxy servers you hide only your IP from a web-server, but other information (about browser configuration) is accessible!